Over the past five years, more than 800,000 Ethiopians have migrated to foreign countries, comprising a demographic where 78 percent are young individuals, predominantly women.
The motivations driving this significant migration flow are multifaceted. Factors such as limited employment opportunities, pervasive poverty, regional conflicts disrupting peace, inadequate access to essential resources, as well as the adverse impacts of climate change and natural disasters, collectively contribute to the decision to seek opportunities beyond Ethiopia’s borders.
Among the intriguing drivers behind Ethiopian migration is the aspiration to secure livelihoods and improve the quality of life for themselves and their families.
It’s noteworthy that Ethiopian migrant workers play a pivotal role in the socioeconomic advancement of Ethiopia, as they contribute substantially to the country’s economy through remittances sent from abroad.
Despite their contributions, these migrant workers face numerous challenges and vulnerabilities throughout their journey and employment abroad.
Mr. Kasahun Folo, President of the Confederation of Ethiopian Labor Unions, highlights the plight of Ethiopian migrant workers who often encounter discriminatory practices, rights violations, and perilous situations during transit and in their host countries.
These challenges include but are not limited to violence, exploitation, discrimination, and the infringement of labor rights, all of which underscore the urgent need for robust legal protections and international cooperation.
Acknowledging the significance of international labor standards, particularly those outlined by the International Labor Organization (ILO), is pivotal in safeguarding the rights and welfare of migrant workers globally.
The adoption and implementation of labor regulations 97 and 143 are crucial steps towards ensuring comprehensive protection and effective management of migrant workers throughout their journey—from departure, through transit, to their destination countries.
It’s imperative for Ethiopia to actively promote rights-based migration management and endorse international labor standards to enhance the welfare of its citizens working abroad.
By adhering to these standards, Ethiopia can facilitate better communication with host countries, improve the management of migrant workers, and elevate its reputation on the global stage.
According to research conducted by the International Labor Organization (ILO), approximately 3 million Ethiopians currently reside abroad, with a significant portion concentrated in the Middle East.
Ethiopia derives considerable financial gains from its diaspora, with remittances amounting to over $four billion annually.
However, recent trends indicate a decline in remittance inflows due to alternative remittance channels bypassing formal banking systems.
The destinations of Ethiopian migrants, as identified by the ILO, encompass a range of countries including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Jordan, Europe, and North America.
Despite efforts by the Ethiopian government, in collaboration with international organizations, to repatriate 100,000 illegal migrants detained in Saudi Arabia, 80 thousands remain incarcerated, underscoring the ongoing challenges faced by Ethiopian migrants abroad.
In light of these circumstances, addressing the plight of Ethiopian migrants demands concerted efforts from both domestic and international stakeholders.
It’s imperative for the Ethiopian government to intensify its diplomatic engagements and advocacy initiatives to ensure the protection and repatriation of its citizens detained abroad, thereby upholding their fundamental rights and dignity.
